Friday, May 22, 2020
Biography of Angelina Grimké, American Abolitionist
Angelina Grimkà © (February 21, 1805ââ¬âOctober 26, 1879) was a southern woman from a slaveholding family who, along with her sister, Sarah, became an advocate of abolitionism. The sisters late became advocates of womens rights after their anti-slavery efforts were criticized because their outspokenness violated traditional gender roles. With her sister and her husband Theodore Weld, Angelina Grimkà © wrote American Slavery As It Is, a major abolitionist text. Fast Facts: Angelina Grimkà © Known For: Grimkà © was an influential abolitionist and womens rights advocate.Born: February 20, 1805 in Charleston, South CarolinaParents: John Faucheraud Grimkà ©Ã and Mary SmithDied: October 26, 1879 in Boston, MassachusettsSpouse: Theodore Weld (m. 1838-1879)Children: Theodore, Sarah Early Life Angelina Emily Grimkà © was born on February 20, 1805, in Charleston, South Carolina. She was the 14th child of Mary Smith Grimkà © and John Faucheraud Grimkà ©. Mary Smiths wealthy family included two governors during colonial times. John Grimkà ©, who was descended from German and Huguenot settlers, had been a Continental Army captain during the Revolutionary War. He served in the state House of Representatives and was the states chief justice. The family spent their summers in Charleston and the rest of the year on the Beaufort plantation. The Grimkà © plantation produced rice until the invention of the cotton gin made cotton more profitable. The family owned many slaves, including field hands and household servants. Angelina, like her sister Sarah, was offended by slavery from an early age. She fainted one day at the seminary when she saw a slave boy her own age opening a window and noticed that he could barely walk and was covered on his legs and back with bleeding wounds from a whipping. Sarah tried to console and comfort her, but Angelina was shaken by the experience. At age 13, Angelina refused confirmation in the Anglican church of her family because of the churchs support for slavery. When Angelina was 13, her sister Sarah accompanied their father to Philadelphia and then to New Jersey for his health. Their father died there, and Sarah returned to Philadelphia and joined the Quakers, drawn by their anti-slavery stance and their inclusion of women in leadership roles. Sarah briefly returned home to South Carolina before moving to Philadelphia. It fell on Angelina, in Sarahs absence and after her fathers death, to manage the plantation and care for her mother. Angelina tried to persuade her mother to set at least the household slaves free, but her mother refused. In 1827, Sarah returned for a longer visit. Angelina decided she would become a Quaker, remain in Charleston, and persuade her fellow southerners to oppose slavery. In Philadelphia Within two years, Angelina gave up hope of having any impact while remaining at home. She moved to join her sister in Philadelphia, and she and Sarah set out to educate themselves. Angelina was accepted at Catherine Beechers school for girls, but their Quaker meeting refused to give permission for her to attend. The Quakers also discouraged Sarah from becoming a preacher. Angelina became engaged, but her fiance died in an epidemic. Sarah also received an offer of marriage but refused it, thinking she might lose the freedom she valued. They received word about that time that their brother Thomas had died. He had been a hero to the sisters, for he was involved in emancipating slaves by sending volunteers back to Africa. Abolitionism The sisters turned to the growing abolitionist movement. Angelina joined the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society, which was associated with the American Anti-Slavery Society, founded in 1833. On August 30, 1835, Angelina Grimkà © wrote a letter to William Lloyd Garrison, a leader of the American Anti-Slavery Society and the editor of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator. Angelina mentioned in the letter her first-hand knowledge of slavery. To Angelinas shock, Garrison printed her letter in his newspaper. The letter was reprinted widely and Angelina found herself famous and at the center of the anti-slavery world. The letter became part of a widely-read anti-slavery pamphlet. The Quakers of Philadelphia did not approve of Angelinas anti-slavery involvement, however, nor of Sarahs less radical involvement. At the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of Quakers, Sarah was silenced by a male Quaker leader. The sisters decided to move to Providence, Rhode Island, in 1836, where the Quakers were more supportive of abolitionism. In Rhode Island, Angelina published a tract, Appeal to the Christian Women of the South. She argued that women could and should end slavery through their influence. Her sister Sarah wrote An Epistle to the Clergy of the Southern States. In that essay, Sarah confronted Biblical arguments typically used by the clergy to justify slavery. Sarah followed that with another pamphlet, An Address to Free Colored Americans. While these were published by two southerners and addressed to southerners, they were reprinted widely in New England. In South Carolina, the tracts were publicly burned. Speaking Career Angelina and Sarah received many invitations to speak, first at anti-slavery conventions and then at other venues in the north. Fellow abolitionist Theodore Weld helped train the sisters to improve their speaking skills. The sisters toured, speaking in 67 cities in 23 weeks. At first, they spoke to all-woman audiences, but then men began to attend the lectures as well. A woman speaking to a mixed audience was considered scandalous. The criticism helped them understand that social limitations on women were part of the same system that upheld slavery. It was arranged for Sarah to speak to the Massachusetts legislature on slavery. Sarah became ill and Angelina filled in for her. Angelina was thus the first woman to speak to a United States legislative body. After returning to Providence, the sisters still traveled and spoke but also wrote, this time appealing to their northern audience. Angelina wrote an Appeal to the Women of the Nominally Free States in 1837, while Sarah wrote an Address to the Free Colored People of the United States. They spoke at the Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women. Catherine Beecher publicly criticized the sisters for not keeping to the proper feminine sphere, i.e. the private, domestic sphere. Angelina responded with Letters to Catherine Beecher, arguing for full political rights for womenââ¬âincluding the right to hold public office. Marriage Angelina married fellow abolitionist Theodore Weld in 1838, the same young man who had helped prepare the sisters for their speaking tour. The marriage ceremony included friends and fellow activists both white and black. Six former slaves of the Grimkà © family attended. Weld was a Presbyterian; the ceremony was not a Quaker one. Garrison read the vows and Theodore renounced all legal power that laws at the time gave him over Angelinas property. They left obey out of the vows. Because the wedding was not a Quaker wedding and her husband was not a Quaker, Angelina was expelled from the Quaker meeting. Sarah was also expelled for attending the wedding. Angelina and Theodore moved onto a farm in New Jersey and Sarah moved in with them. Angelinas first child was born in 1839; two more and a miscarriage followed. The family focused their lives around raising the three Weld children and on demonstrating that they could manage a household without slaves. They took in boarders and opened a school. Friends, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and her husband, visited them at the farm. Angelinas health, however, began to decline. American Slavery As It Is In 1839, the Grimkà © sisters published American Slavery As It Is: Testimony From a Thousand Witnesses. The book was later used as a source by Harriet Beecher Stowe for her 1852 book Uncle Toms Cabin. The sisters kept up their correspondence with other anti-slavery and pro womens rights activists. One of their letters was to the 1852 womens rights convention in Syracuse, New York. In 1854, Angelina, Theodore, Sarah, and the children moved to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, operating a school there until 1862. All three supported the Union in the Civil War, seeing it as a path to end slavery. Theodore Weld traveled and lectured occasionally. The sisters published An Appeal to the Women of the Republic, calling for a pro-Union womens convention. When it was held, Angelina was among the speakers. The sisters and Theodore moved to Boston and became active in the womens rights movement after the Civil War. All three served as officers of the Massachusetts Womens Suffrage Association. On March 7, 1870, as part of a protest involving 42 other women, Angelina and Sarah illegally voted. Death Sarah died in Boston in 1873. Angelina suffered several strokes shortly after Sarahs death and became paralyzed. She died in Boston in 1879. Legacy Grimkà ©s activism had a profound effect on the abolitionist and womens rights movements. In 1998, she was posthumously inducted into the National Womens Hall of Fame. Sources Browne, Stephen H.à Angelina Grimke Rhetoric, Identity, and the Radical Imagination. Michigan State University Press, 2012.Grimkà ©, Sarah Moore, et al.à On Slavery and Abolitionism: Essays and Letters. Penguin Books, 2014.
Sunday, May 10, 2020
The Dharma of Mahayana Buddhism Essay - 1073 Words
Advanced technology and luxurious items seem bring humans into a ââ¬Å"Modern World.â⬠However, it seems these 21st Century technologies and items have brought more dissatisfaction, the duhkha. Death, blood and war, these words appear in the newspaper almost everyday. Despite those external dissatisfactions, internally human kind becomes more selfish and lonely. As a matter of fact, a hypochondria is becoming so popular that one in seven adults is facing it. In our society today, Buddhism, especially Mahayana Buddhism, becomes a cure to the duhkha that we are facing today. The Dharma of Mahayana Buddhism becomes very helpful to resolve many, even all the problems humans are facing today. Mahayana Buddhism believes in the Path of Bodhisattva,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In context of Mahayana Buddhism, emptiness doesnââ¬â¢t mean that the existence of everything is nothingness. What emptiness really means is that the existence of things are dependently arising from the empty of own beings. ââ¬Å"A flower that always needs sunlight, water, soil, nutrients and so on to live. â⬠What this means is that sunlight and those factors caused a flower to exist, but a flower will eventually dies. Since the flower will eventually die and the factors like water that fed the flower will disappear as well, in the end nothing left. Thus, flowers are emptiness, factors are emptiness, emptiness creates emptiness and in the end there is only emptiness left. There are really two important point here, one is that everything is emptiness and everything will change with ââ¬Å"empty of own beings.â⬠Another one is that people has to see through the emptiness and find the such ness of things. An analogy may be help to explain the point. Money always brings up conflicts between people or countries and result of the conflicts are rather unpleasant. In recent years, robbery becomes outrageous and if people understand even a tiny bit about the dharma of Mahayana Buddhism, especially about the concept of emptiness, many of the robbery could be avoided. Money is very valuable, but it is still empty. The reason that money is valuable is because such value isShow MoreRelatedEssay Mahayana Buddhism1396 Words à |à 6 Pages History proves that as Buddhism spread throughout the Asian world in the early 1st century, it was occasionally altered to fit the specific needs and beliefs of people it touched. Mahayana Buddhism is one such example of this gradual evolution. It was primarily a movement started and kept alive by monks that slowly gained popularity amongst lay people but was in no way a unified movement. Mahayana Buddhism still adheres to th e basic fundamental beliefs presented in the Pali CanonsRead MoreEssay about The Evolution of Buddhism 1182 Words à |à 5 PagesBuddhism is a unique religion that bestows upon its members that their actions accumulate karma and too much bad karma leads to rebirth. A person reaches Nirvana (also known as heaven) when achieving enlightenment and is no longer subjected to rebirth. Buddhism also believes there is no one almighty god, but rather many gods, which they refer to as deities. Dharma is commonly known as the sacred teachings of a deity. The Buddha is only born in certain situations that members are in need of re-teachingRead MoreMahayana Branch of Buddhism 1114 Words à |à 5 PagesOne branch of Buddhism is Mahayana, which literally means the Great Vehicle. Mahayana can more easily be defined as a loose collection of teachings with large and extensive principles that coexist all together. 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OneRead MoreThe Avatamsaka Sutra ( Flower Ornament Sutra )856 Words à |à 4 Pages In China, this form and its association with the Avatamsaka Sutra (Flower ornament sutra) is particularly representative of Buddhism in China, which followed primarily the Mahayana and centered various schools on particular Mahayana Sutras. The period is reflected in the valuable metals and gilding in gold as the Ming dynasty was a time of material prosperity and was particularly noted for its fine artists and artisans reflected in the beauty of the sculpture. In the Avatamsaka Sutra, the centralRead MoreBuddhism : Then And Now1035 Words à |à 5 PagesBuddhism: Then and Now The religious Buddha was originally a prince, Siddhartha Gautama, born in 623 B.C. into a regular, royal life. For years, his father ââ¬Å"protectedâ⬠him and Siddhartha was shielded from the truth and harshness of the world. When he was older, he married Yasodhara and finally went out to the real world. When he did, Siddhartha found something that disturbed him: suffering. He found war, disease, and death. Finding this suffering, he desperately wanted to stop it. Siddhartha wantedRead MoreReligious Views On Euthanasia And Assisted Suicide1528 Words à |à 7 Pagesis deemed by his or her physicians to be terminally or incurably illâ⬠(right-to-die). As the questions circling these methods of killing grow, religious groups are beginning to take stances on the issue. Two of the largest religions in the world, Buddhism and Hinduism, have denounced the idea of death with dignity but for different reasons. While neither religion is a supporter of the right to die, the rejectio ns are not unanimous for either group. The history and core beliefs of each religion can
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
References for Motivation Free Essays
Allen, R. S. ; White, C. We will write a custom essay sample on References for Motivation or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. (2002). Equity sensitivity theory: A test of responses to two types of under-reward situations: JMI JMI. Journal of Managerial Issues. 14 (4), 435-451. Buchanan, D. A. ; Huczynski, A. A. (2010). Organizational Behaviour. 7th ed. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. 819. Fadil, P. A. ; Williams, R. J. ; Limpaphayom, W. ; Smatt, C. (2005). Equity or Equality? A Conceptual Examination of the Influence of Individualism/Collectivism on the Cross-Cultural Application of Equity Theory. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal. 12 (4), 17-35. Gambrel, P. A; Cianci, R. (2003). Maslowââ¬â¢s Hierarchy of Needs: Does It Apply In A Collectivist Culture. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship. 8 (2), 143-161. Huseman, R. C. ; Hatfield, J. D. ; Miles, E. W. (1987). A New Perspective on Equity Theory: The Equity Sensitivity Construct. The Academy of Management Review. 12 (2), 222-234. Robbins, S. P. ; Judge, T. A. ; Campbell, T. T. (2010). Organizational Behaviour. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. 589. Sadri, G. ; Bowen, R. Clarke. (2011). Meeting EMPLOYEE requirements: Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs is still a reliable guide to motivating staff. Industrial Engineer: IE. 3 (10), 44-48. Sheldrake, J. (2003). Management Theory. 2nd ed. Derby: Thomson Learning. 257. Shore, T. H. (2004). Equity sensitivity theory: do we all want more than we deserve?. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 19 (7), 722-728. Steers, R. M. ; Mowday, R. T. ; Shapiro, D. L.. (2004). Introduction to Special Topic Forum: The Future of Work Motivation Theory. The Academy of M anagement Review. 29 (3), 379-387. Wahba, M. A. ; Bridwell, L. G.. (1976). Maslow Reconsidered: A Review of Research on the Need Hierarchy Theory. Organizational behaviour and human performance. 15 (1), 212-240. How to cite References for Motivation, Papers
Thursday, April 30, 2020
To What Extent Can Humans Be Considered Distinct from Other Animals free essay sample
To what extent can humans be considered distinct from other animals? What makes humans differ to other animals? Are humans in fact different at all? And if they are what makes them different? There are many different perspectives and viewpoints in research in psychology that helps distinguish whether humans are in fact distinct from other animals. At initial glance it would be argued that there is a distinct difference in the use of language and its interpreted meaning between one human and another this as well as differences in sexual reproduction relationships humans have in comparison to other animals. These two areas will be explored in more detail to show the distinctiveness humans have. Humans use language everyday to communicate with each other, express how theyââ¬â¢re feeling, what their thoughts are and also how they are making sense. Cooper Kaye (2007) stated that language is in fact one of the most important aspects of being human and arguably our most distinctive and interesting characteristic as a species. We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent Can Humans Be Considered Distinct from Other Animals? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, this doesnââ¬â¢t mean that communication between other animals doesnââ¬â¢t happen but what is it about human language that is clearly distinct from just communication? Harley (1995 as cited in Cooper Kaye, 2007 pg. 76-77) described human language as ââ¬Ëassociating a finite number of words with particular meanings or concepts, and using finite number of rules to combine those words into a potentially infinite number of sentencesââ¬â¢. Aitchison (1983 as cited in Cooper Kaye, 2007) considered four main criteria of language design features unique to human language. These were ââ¬Ësemanticityââ¬â¢ which is how a word reflects aspects of the world. Secondly ââ¬Ëdisplacementââ¬â¢ which is the ability to refer to events and items that are not currently perceived. Structure dependenceââ¬â¢ which refers to that language is characterised by a series of symbols that donââ¬â¢t look like the given object. Lastly, the fourth main unique criterion is ââ¬Ëcreativityââ¬â¢ allowing flexibility in human communication, each sentence produced can convey a different meaning (Cooper Kaye, 2007). However, Seyfarth et al. (1980 as cited in Cooper Kaye, 2007) reported that vervet monkeys, who live in social groups, give different alarm calls for different predators to warn the others in the group. For example a particular call from an adult monkey who had spotted an eagle caused the others to look up. This would therefore offer evidence of a semantic response as the monkeys respond to particular signs. But it cannot be definitely inferred that they actually know what the call means and that it could in fact be stimulus-response learning. Further evidence does suggest that animals do not simply learn stimulus-response relationships though but actually form internal representations conflicting with what Aitchison (1983 s cited in Cooper Kaye, 2007) inferred within the four criteria of language design features that were unique to humans. Further studies by Gardner Gardner (1969), Premack (1971) and Terrace (1979) have looked to see whether apes can be taught human language using sign language and artificial languages that involve manipulating plastic tokens (as cited in Cooper Kaye, 2007). Most have been successful in enabling communication between the ape and the trainer but problems interpreting the results have been shown. In the case of Kanzi, the pygmy chimpanzee, he displayed obvious learning in his ability to respond appropriately to verbal commands (Cooper Kaye, 2007) but similar to the vervet monkeys this could potentailly be due to a learned stimulus-response. However, Kanziââ¬â¢s behaviour demonstrated his ability to form specific representations in response to the words he hears like when asked to retrieve something specific he will ignore similar visible objects and retrieve the particular one asked for (Cooper Kaye, 2007). Savage-Rumbaugh (as cited in Cooper Kaye, 2007) argued that in fact Kanzi was demonstrating behaviour similar to that of a 2 ? year old human in terms of their linguistic competence and understanding. This was argued against by others as childrenââ¬â¢s vocabulary develops into adult speech and no studies of apes have shown this progression in language concluding that language is therefore a distinct and unique characteristic of humans in comparison to other animals (Pinker, 1994 as cited in Cooper Kaye, 2007). Evolutionary psychology has looked to explain sex differences and has looked at both humans and animals to do so focusing particularly on the processes involved in sexual selection (Hollway, Cooper, Johnston Stevens, 2007). Both humans and animals are similar in that they both donââ¬â¢t consciously and deliberately use strategies to achieve a particular type in order to maximise their reproductive success (Hollway et al. 2007) but that the behaviour used successfully will have been selected for by evolutionary pressures precisely because of the reproductive advantage that it conferred. Within human evolution the full development of the brain, which is much larger than that of other animals, could only take place after birth. This and the need for sophisticated socialisation that the development of language and culture made necessary, meant a longer period of dependency for human infants than for those in primates (Hollway et al. 2007 p. 145). Another distinct difference in humans and animals is that of human sexual behaviour. Female humans have no obvious signs of ovulation and can mate with males at any time during the menstrual cycle unlike other animals. This encourages male and female relationships, where mating can happen at a whim, displaying signs of love and affection towards each other and not just that of reproduction. In animals, there are signs when the female is fertile, Rose Rose (2000 as cited in Hollway et al. , 2007) pointed out that forced sex within animals is only with these fertile females for reproduction purposes solely, this is unlike male and female reproduction in humans. Hollway et al. (2007) advise that within human sexual reproduction and relationships males have become particularly sensitive to female sexual infidelity as there is a greater paternal investment made. Females can be sure the child is theirs but male paternity canââ¬â¢t. Similarities found in humans and animals have been shown in studies of sex differences and the brain. There is a recognition that women and men behave differently and that this is due to differences in the parts of the brain that are involved in processing different tasks in which men or women excel (Hollway et al. , 2007). By studying male and female rats and their different sexual behaviours it was shown that the behaviours were dependent on the balance of hormones (Young, 1964; Beach 1938 as cited in Hollway et al. , 2007 p. 138). Fitch Denenberg (1998 as cited in Hollway et al. 2007) later found that there was a difference in brain structure that correlated with a difference in sexual behaviour in the rats. Although this experimental study cannot be conducted to humans due to ethical reasons biologists have conducted comparable examinations on human brain areas to investigate whether this is the case in humans. It was concluded however that these studies suggest it is much harder to consistently describe the difference in hormonal balance in humans that it is in animals (Hollway et al. , 2007). As you can see from above there is evidence to suggest that humans are in fact distinct from other animals in the areas of the use and meaning of language and that of sex differences and sexual behaviour. There are also similarities than have been found but seems that these cannot be conclusive due to the complexities of not just human behaviour but also that of animals. However, humans display a form of communication between each other that infers a higher level than those displayed by other animals which seems to be for survival purposes. Of course humans have a survival instinct as well but the thought processes and emotional responses that are demonstrated amongst one another and the recall of past events to plan future goals is distinctly different to that demonstrated by any other animal.
Friday, March 20, 2020
The Significance of the Research Proposal Research Paper Example
The Significance of the Research Proposal Research Paper Example The Significance of the Research Proposal Paper The Significance of the Research Proposal Paper If you have never written a research proposal before, you may wonder why it is an important and necessary part of your academic career. A research proposal is a document written by the student that provides an in-depth description and analysis of a proposed program. Its main purpose is to outline the entire research process that gives the professor a summary of the information discussed in a project. Typical proposals also include an extensive but focused literature review. A research proposal is your first chance to present your thesis or dissertation ideas in written form to your professors and committee members. This allows you to demonstrate and show to them that you have conceptualized your research around a set of clearly defined research questions about a particular topic. After your professors and university committee members review your proposal, they will further advise you about how you should continue your research. If you submit a well-written, detailed and sophisticated proposal, you will have little trouble incorporating the advice and comments of your professors into your future research. Why is such a proposal important? Simply put, they can be written for various reasons, such as requesting a budget for the research they describe, certification requirements for research (in case experimentation on living creatures needs to be done), as a task in an education environment (before performing research for a thesis), or as a condition for employment at a research institution. In short, your research proposal has to be accepted. A lot is on the line when you are forced to write such an assignment. But more often than not, these tasks, although important, are very time consuming and often lead to illness such as depression, anxiety and stress. It is no surprise either. Creating a successful proposal is no simple task. It means spending more time preparing and planning. In addition, you have to spend time organizing your planning and research, writing and formalizing your proposal, submitting the document to the funder and doing follow-ups. Some proposal documents are 5 pages in length while others can exceed even 40 pages. Such a daunting task can shake even the most skilled writers. The amount of time that needs to be invested is alarming and in most cases impossible. Universities have unfairly made research proposals into a competition of sorts where only the best will be accepted and funded. This raises many problems, especially for the bright students with ingenious minds, but lack of time or lack of proper grasp on the English language. Some students may have the skills required, but they may poorly execute it because of a lack of experience in general writing. It is in situations like these where students should turn to the professionals for help, and there is no better set of professionals than at Paperap.com. Paperap.com is a company with only one goal in mind, making sure you succeed. We offer the services of the best writers available. Our team carefully hand picks each writer for every task to ensure the assignment you need is of maximum quality. Students who wish to submit a high quality, professional styled research proposal can work with us to ensure their proposal gets accepted. We will put you in contact with your specific writer so you can work with him or her step by step to direct, organize and head the assignment yourself and ensure everything goes as planned. With our help, students and scholars alike will no longer have to worry about grammar, time or style of writing, as all such tasks will be handled by us in an absolute perfect manner. We guarantee our work will be 100% genuine, plagiarized free and will be delivered on time to ensure you meet your deadline. When your proposal needs to be accepted, Paperap.com is the company that ensures it does. Every single research proposal is unique and should be written with specific approach depending on assignments particular instructions. Our research proposal writing company has reach experience in all academic levels of writing. We know what you need and we deliver it to you!
Wednesday, March 4, 2020
4 Key Facts about MLA Referencing - Proofread My Paper
4 Key Facts about MLA Referencing - Proofread My Paper 4 Key Facts about MLA Referencing Itââ¬â¢s easy to get bogged down in detail with referencing. But having a good overall sense of the system youââ¬â¢re using is important. As such, today weââ¬â¢re looking at MLA referencing in overview, which should give you an idea of how to use MLA citations effectively. 1. What is MLA Referencing? MLA referencing is a citation format developed by the Modern Language Association (MLA). Since the MLA is an association for scholars of language and literature, MLA referencing is most commonly used in the liberal arts and humanities. 2. When Do I Need to Cite a Source in MLA? Many worry about not having ââ¬Å"enoughâ⬠citations in their work, but itââ¬â¢s more important to know when a citation is required. MLA specifies citing a source when: Quoting a source directly to support your own arguments Using data or other content published elsewhere Paraphrasing someone elseââ¬â¢s ideas in your own words However, it isnââ¬â¢t necessary to give a citation when referring to something that is common knowledge, such as ââ¬Å"snow is coldâ⬠or ââ¬Å"people in France speak French.â⬠French snow is cold, too. (Photo: Yann Caradec/flickr) 3. Citation Format The general citation format in MLA requires giving the authorââ¬â¢s surname and page numbers (if available) in parentheses after the relevant passage: Freedom creates ââ¬Å"obstacles from which we sufferâ⬠(Sartre 495). If the author is named in the text, simply give the page numbers instead: According to Sartre, freedom also creates ââ¬Å"obstaclesâ⬠(495). This format differs slightly when citing multiple works by the same author. When this occurs, you should also give a shortened version of the source title in the citation instead to avoid confusion: Sartre says that freedom creates ââ¬Å"obstaclesâ⬠and that this is part of existentialism (Being and Nothingness 495). We also use the title in citations when a source has no named author. 4. The Page MLA requires all cited sources to be listed on a ââ¬Å"â⬠page at the end of your document. This list should: Begin on a new page at the end of your paper Order sources alphabetically by author name, surname first List multiple works by the same author alphabetically by title, using three hyphens () in place of the authorââ¬â¢s name for each entry after the first Capitalize each of the main words in titles, but not articles, prepositions or conjunctions unless theyââ¬â¢re the first word of a title or subtitle Italicize titles of longer works (e.g., books and films) and use quotation marks for shorter works (e.g., journal articles and poems) Use a half-inch hanging indent for each line after the first for each reference The information to include in the list for any given source depends to some extent on its format. However, it will almost always feature the authorââ¬â¢s name, a title, and publication details. For instance, the book used in the examples above would appear as: Sartre, Paul. Being and Nothingness. Translated by Hazel E. Barnes. Routledge, 1969. Its possible that nobody has ever looked more like a French philosopher than Sartre does here.
Monday, February 17, 2020
Statement of purpose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5
Statement of purpose - Essay Example Since then I have been interested in the field of business. I take pleasure in gaining knowledge of every aspect of the business world and I am highly eager to learn more and become an expert in the field of business and management. I believe that after completion of a graduation, the certification of post-graduation is essential as it prepares individuals towards achieving their goals in the ever-changing business environment1. During the tenure of my working in the company, I had participated in several presentations based on business related topics. Also my work involved marketing, coordination and booking activities. I also try to update my knowledge by reading business magazines and newspapers to have the knowledge on the current affairs in the business world. I truly enjoy leading and managing teams, a reason why I feel I would perform well in an organization if I am given a chance to lead others in the team. Back in my country, there is a huge competition among males and females for better job and education. My father had always supported me to pursue my career. The course of MBA would provide me with greater opportunities and exposure in the corporate world, and get to meet other managers and different customers, a work life that would make me strong and independent. I believe that the course of Masterââ¬â¢s degree from an University abroad to my nation would not only help me to prepare myself further for my career but would also make me capable of managing work and life together being an independent woman having a strong personality which is the manner I always wanted to carry myself. Staying abroad and learning more on the field of business would make me eligible to be successful in my career and life and make my parents proud of me and make me feel special in my country. To end my statement of purpose I would like to present my wish to get certified for the post-graduation course in business and management from the College of Business
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